Condenser.



E. G. HELANDER.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov.26. I913.

1, 144, 1 98. Patented June 22, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

INVENTOR E. G. HELANDER.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 26, 1913.

1 144, 1 98., Patented June 22, 1915.

a 3 SHEETSSHEET 2. J3

WITNESSES E. G. HELANDER CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 26, 19 13. 1,144,198. Patent-ed June 22, 1915.

3 'SHEETSSHEET 3.

WITNESSES INVENTOR 'y' Q mwmw,

an era ERNST G. HELANIDER, 0F YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.

CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1915.

Application filed November 26, 1913. Serial No. 803,145.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST G. .HELANDER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Condensers, of which thefollowing isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in whichFigure 1 is alongitudinal vertical section of a portion of a condenserembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 1IIIof Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections showing two differentmodifications of my invention.

My invention has relation to condensers; and more particularly tocondensers in which the condensing water passes through a preliminaryexhaustion chamber before entering the main exhaustion or vacuum chamberof the condenser; the purpose of the preliminary chamber being to removefrom the entering water a relatively large proportion of the air carriedin .with the water. A condenser embodying this feature is described andclaimed in my Patent No. 1,048,532 of December 31, 1912.

The present invention is designed to provide improved features ofconstruction applicable to condensers of various specific types, but allembodying the feature of a preliminary exhaustion chamber.

The nature of my invention will be best understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings in which I have shown my invention applied toseveral different specific types of condensers and which will now bedescribed.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, in which I have shown my inventionapplied to a condenser of the low-jet type; the numeral 2 designates theouter shell of the body portion of condenser, 3 the cap or head and 4the lower portion of the condenser terminating in a water leg to whichis connected the off-take pipe 5 leading to a suitable ump ('not shown)for removingthe water 0 condensation. The head 3 carries the steam inletpipe 6, which .is shown as extending downwardly within the head, andwhich terminatesat its lower end above theiupper end of a centrallyarranged overflow wall or weir 7. Secured to the lower portion of thesteam inle pipe i a P ti n member o h 8 which depends into 'anannularwater reception. The water the edge of the wall 10 in a thin sheet, andthus gives opportunity for the air to become extracted therefrom 1n thepreliminary extacle or trough 9, formed between the outer surface of thewall or weir 7, and an internal partition wall 10. The member or bell 8terminates at this lower edge some distance above the bottom of thewater receptacle; and the partition wall 10 extends upwardly to a levelwhich is preferably' considerably above the overflow edge of the weir 7The wall 10 is separated from the outer shell 2 by a space 11 whichforms a water cham ber supplied by a connection 12.

Placed within the lower portion of the condenser chamber and extendingupwardly within the weir 7 is a cylindrical member 13 which is supportedby the outwardly flared lower portion 14, which is shown as secured inthe joint between the shell 2 and the lower portion 4. The member 13 ispreferably provided with a number of inwardly projecting ribs or webs 15for the purpose hereinafter described.

When the condenser is in operation the water level in the receptacle 9is above the lower edge of the bell 8 at both sides thereof, therebyformin an eflicient water seal which, with said bell, divides the spaceabove the weir into an outer preliminary exhaustion chamber 13 and aninner main exhaustion chamber 13 of which the steam passage through thecondenser forms a part. The chamber 13 is provided with a connection 13designed to lead to a suitable air pump or other vacuum producing means(not shown) while the main exhaustion chamber has a connection 16 alsoleadin to a vacuum producing means (not shown%.

In operation the water entering at 12 flows into the outer water chamberuntilit rises to a suilicient .height to flow over the upper edge of thewall 10 and thence flows into the water chamber 9 by gravity. The wall1'0is made'sufliciently hlgh to give a considerable fall to the waterflowing thereover, even when the water level at the inside of such wallmay rise above its normal condiows in this manner over haustion chamber.The water seal around the lower edge of the bell 9 will be maintainedintact notwithstanding considerable variation in the water level in thetwo legs ofthe seal.

" In construction the parts will be so proportioned that the seal willalways remain densation of the steam occurs.

intact under any variation that can occur in practice.

Steam flowing downwardly through the central steam passage comes incontact with the water discharged at the overflow edgeof the weirand iscondensed in passing downwardly through the member 13. Any steam orother non-condensable va ors which are not so condensed will flow ackupwardly through the member 13 against the water and thence downwardlyoverthe upper edge of the said member, as indicated in arrows in Fig. 1,during which passage further con- The ribs or webs 15 serve to divide orbreak up the flow of water and thus give opportunity for the steam topass upwardly therethrough.

In order to insure the flow of enough water over the discharge edge ofthe weir 7 to maintain the operation of the condenser, notwithstandingconsiderable temporary lowering of the water level in the inner portionof the receptacle -9, I preferably construct the upper portion of theweir as follows: Its upper edge is preferably at the normal overflowlevel of the water; but its upper portion is formed with a series ofvertical slots or flow channels extending upwardly through such edge anddownwardly some distance below such level. Normally, therefore, there isan overflow over this upper edge as well as a flow through thesechannels, but the channels are of insufficicnt cross section to carryall the normal flow. If, from any cause, the water level falls below theplane of the upper edge, there will still be a flow through thesechannels. While the flow in such cases ,will be reduced in volume, itwill, however, under ordinary operating conditions be suflicient tomaintain the operation of the condenser. fer to corrugate the upperportion of the weir, as shown at 17, and to cut awa the inwardlyextending corrugations, as s own at 18, to form the said channels. Ifdesired, the channels may be made of in: creasing cross sectional areatoward their lower ends, as shown in Fig. 4, so that a lowering of thewater level will have less effect on the amount discharged through thechannels. The provision of these channels also furnishes inwardlyextendin overflow edges 19 which tend to project t e water flowing overthem inwardly toward the center of the condenser.

Fig. 3 showsmy invention applied to a different form of low-jetcondenser in which the steam inlet pipe 6 is at the lower portion of thecondensing chamber, the water discharge pipe 4: extending upwardlywithin said chamber. In this figure, 13' designates the preliminaryexhaustion chamber, 13 the exhaust connection for said chamber, and 16the exhaust connection for the main condensing chamber which in- I'prespond in function to they projections 15 in I Fig. 1. In this figureP designates a suitable pump which is connected to the pipe 4 for thepurpose of removing the water therefrom. Except as above noted, theinterior construction of the upper portion of the condenser is verysimilar to that shown in Fig. 1 and corresponding parts have'been giventhe same numeral with the letter' a alfixed thereto.

In Fig. 4, I have shown my invention applied to a barometric condenser.In this figure, 6 designates the steam ipe entering the condenserchamber at the ottom, P is the tail-pipe which enters the condenserabove the steam pipe through one side thereof and-terminates in thecentrally located funnel-shaped portion 4. 13 designates the preliminaryexhaust chamber having the exhaust connectign 13 and 16 is the exhaustconnection for the main exhaustion chamber, this connection being shownas extending centrally of the condenser head. 13 is a water plate orbaflie which is placed below the discharge of the weir 7 and which hasthe overflow edge 13. This plate or baflle is supported by a lower plateor baffle 13 having the central water discharge 13. The construction isotherwise the same as in Fig. 1 and corresponding reference numeralshave been applied to corresponding parts with the letter b affixedthereto.

My invention provides a very simple and efficient construction for thepreliminary exhaustion of the air from the condensing water, since itenables the preliminary ex- -haustion chamber .to be placed within themain shell of the condenser in simple and compact form. It also providesa water seal between the preliminary and main chambers which remainsconstant, notwithstanding the ordinary variations which occur inpractice in the water levels in the two chambers. It also provides anovel weir construction whereby such variations do not interrupt theoperation of the condenser.

I do not desire to limit myself to the particular embodiments of myinvention which I have herein shown and described, as the details ofconstruction and arrangement of the parts may be varied in manyrespects, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and theinvention is also applicable to other specific types of condensers.

What I claim is:

1. A condenser, comprising an outer shell having a vertical steampassage therein, a

water overflow weir surrounding said passage, a partition wallsurrounding said weir and forming therewith a water container orreceptacle, a depending partition member extending downwardly w1thinsaid receptacle to a point above the bottom thereof, said dependingpartition member, when the condenser is in operation, dividing the spacewithin said shell above the weir into a main chamber of which the steampassage forms a part, and a preliminary chamber, a water supplyconnection for the preliminary chamber, and separate exhaust connectionsfor the main and preliminary chambers; substantially as described.

2. A condenser, comprising an outer shell having a vertical steampassage therein, a water overflow weir surrounding said passage, apartition wall surrounding the weir and extending upwardly to a levelabove the upper edge of the Weir, there being a water containing spacebetween said partition and the weir, and another water containing spacebetween said partition and the outer shell, a partition member or helldepending within the first named water space but terminating above thebottom thereof, said bell when the condenser is in operation dividingthe space within said shell above the Weir into a main chamber of whichthe steam passage forms a part, and a preliminary chamber, a watersupply discharging into the lower portion of the last named water space,and separate exhaust connections for the main and preliminary chambers;substantially as described.

3. A condenser, comprising an outer shell, having therein a mainexhaustion chamber and a preliminary exhaustion chamber, a water supplypipe leading into the preliminary exhaustion chamber, separate exhaustconnections for the two chambers, a water overflow within thepreliminary chamber, a water overflow within the main chamber, and meansfor forming a constant water seal between the two chambers;substantially as described.

4. A condenser, having a preliminary exhaust chamber, a main exhaustchamber into which the steam to be condensed is led, a

water overflow within the main chamber, a water pipe communicating withthe lower portion of the preliminary chamber, and a bafile within themain chamber below the weir, said bafile having means for breaking upthe flow of water therethrough to permit a return flow of steam andnon-condensable vapors, substantially as described.

5. In a condenser, an overflow weir having its upper edge portion formedwith a plurality of vertical corrugations, the inwardly extendingcorrugations being formed with vertical discharge openings at theirinner ends; substantially as described.

6. In a condenser, an overflow Weir having its upper edge portion formedwith a plurality of vertical corrugations, the inwardly extendingcorrugations being formed with vertical discharge openings at theirinner ends, said openings being of increasin cross-section toward theirlower ends.

In a condenser, an overflow weir having its upper edge portion formedwith a plurality of vertical corrugations, the inwardly extendingcorrugations being formed with vertical discharge openings at theirinner ends, each of said openings having an inwardly extending bottomwall; substantially as described.

8. A condenser having an overflow weir for the condensing water, saidweir having its upper edge extending to about the normal water level atthe outer side thereof, and having its upper portion formed with aplurality of vertical relatively narrow flow channels which extend belowsuch normal level, and which are of insufficient cross section to takeall the normal fiow, said channels acting to provide a flow ofcondensing water when the water level falls below such normal level,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

ERNST G. HELANDER.

Witnesses W. WILDES, L. E. TAYIJDR.

